In an electric car, how much cobalt is used? LFP cars have a shorter range, but they are popular in China’s urban areas, where the EV battery supply chain is dominated.Īccording to BMI, cathodes can include 0-15 kg cobalt, 0-40 kg nickel, and 30-50 kg lithium. “We believe LFP has the potential to account for up to 30% of our battery electric car portfolio.” “LFP is reliable over a long period of time and at a lesser cost,” Volkswagen stated. Lithium phosphate (LFP) batteries are preferred by Volkswagen because they include no cobalt or nickel and have a “reliable supply.”
Volkswagen (VOWG p.DE) declined to comment on the cathode ratio it employs, but sources claim it is 7-1-2. Tesla is getting batteries with 90 percent nickel cathodes from LG Energy Solution (373220.KS). Many automakers are currently considering the 8-1-1 system. 1-1-1 was the original ratio.Ĭhanges to include more nickel to increase energy density and driving range resulted in a move to 5-3-2 and 6-2-2 at first. Tesla (TSLA.O) batteries are primarily nickel-cobalt-aluminum (NCA), whereas nickel-cobalt-manganese (NCM) is the most used cathode chemistry in the auto industry (NCM). The present extraction methods for obtaining cobalt have raised ethical concerns.The demand for electric vehicles has never been higher, but the difficulty and cost of collecting cobalt, along with controversies over mining practices, has led many electric vehicle makers to envision a future in which cobalt is completely removed from rechargeable batteries. While the material has gained popularity as a result of its impact on battery life and longevity, it simply cannot be harvested at rates that can keep up with the present demand for EVS. The rising demand for electric vehicles greatly outstrips the rate of cobalt extraction.
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